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Ipotesi sul legame tra micro(nano)plastiche e cancro: applicazione del quadro di valutazione bayesiano della causalità della ricerca per un'integrazione trasparente delle evidenze nella salute pubblica

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Pubblicato: 7 aprile 2026
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Background: le Micro(nano)plastiche (MNP) sono contaminanti ambientali pervasivi che si trovano negli oceani, nel suolo, nell'aria, negli alimenti e nei tessuti umani. La loro ubiquità coincide con l'aumento dell'incidenza del cancro, tuttavia le prove rimangono frammentate nei domini tossicologici, meccanicistici ed epidemiologici, limitando l'inferenza causale. Gli approcci tradizionali come i criteri di Bradford Hill e il Weight-of-Evidence (WoE) qualitativo forniscono indicazioni utili ma mancano di rigore probabilistico per la valutazione del rischio moderna. Materiali e Metodi: questo articolo introduce il framework Bayesian Assessment of Research Causality (BARC) come un avanzamento metodologico nell'analisi del rischio. BARC integra flussi di prove diversi in una probabilità di causalità trasparente e quantitativa. Combinato con WoE, preserva la varietà interpretativa aggiungendo la precisione e la riproducibilità dell'inferenza bayesiana. Il framework può essere implementato attraverso livelli scalabili: combinazione semplificata del fattore di Bayes (Appendice A), modellazione gerarchica con percorsi condivisi (Appendice B) e modelli corretti per errori di misurazione completi. L'intelligenza artificiale rafforza ulteriormente BARC consentendo l'estrazione automatizzata delle prove, l'aggiornamento dinamico dei modelli e la modellazione specifica dei polimeri.

Risultati: applicato al crescente legame tra MNP e cancro, BARC illustra come il ragionamento probabilistico strutturato possa guidare l'azione preventiva e regolamentare prima che si raggiunga la certezza epidemiologica.

Conclusioni: più in generale, BARC offre un quadro flessibile e trasparente per la valutazione del rischio per la salute ambientale e per le politiche sanitarie pubbliche basate su prove.

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Come citare



Ipotesi sul legame tra micro(nano)plastiche e cancro: applicazione del quadro di valutazione bayesiano della causalità della ricerca per un’integrazione trasparente delle evidenze nella salute pubblica. (2026). Working Paper of Public Health, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/wpph.2026.10648