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Impatto di un programma di attività fisica sul benessere psicofisico nel paziente dializzato e trapiantato: uno studio pilota

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Pubblicato: 4 marzo 2025
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Background: la malattia renale cronica (CKD) è un problema di salute globale. Questo studio ha valutato l’impatto del Nordic Walking sulla salute e qualità di vita nei pazienti con CKD.

Materiali e Metodi: studio pilota, non farmacologico, a braccio singolo, monocentrico con 15 pazienti sottoposti a emodialisi, dialisi peritoneale o trapianto di rene. L’intervento ha coinvolto 22 sessioni di Nordic Walking in due mesi e mezzo. Le valutazioni pre e post-intervento includevano pressione arteriosa, saturazione di ossigeno, analisi bioimpedenziometrica e qualità di vita. L’analisi statistica è stata eseguita con test T di Wilcoxon, con significatività p<0,05.

Risultati: sono stati osservati miglioramenti nella pressione arteriosa (137,5±19,6 mmHg a T0 vs 130,8±16,3 mmHg a T1, p=0,03), SpO2 (98,5±0,6% vs 99,1±0,3%, p=0,02) e colesterolo HDL (48,8±11,1 mg/dL vs 54,9±19,6 mg/dL, p=0,05). La massa magra è aumentata (73,7±8,9% a 76,1±9,8%, p=0,04), mentre la massa grassa è diminuita (26,3±8,9% a 23,9±9,8%, p=0,04). I punteggi della qualità di vita sono migliorati significativamente (76,6±14,4 a T0 vs 87,8±6,9 a T1, p=0,01).

Conclusioni: il Nordic Walking ha migliorato la salute cardiovascolare e la qualità di vita nei pazienti con CKD. Servono ulteriori ricerche per confermare questi risultati.

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Impatto di un programma di attività fisica sul benessere psicofisico nel paziente dializzato e trapiantato: uno studio pilota. (2025). Working Paper of Public Health, 13. https://doi.org/10.4081/wpph.2025.10156